The Secrets of Fort San Felipe: 5 Stories of Tunnels, Ghosts, and Battles Most Tourists Don't Know

Introduction

Beyond the cannon and the wall, the Fort San Felipe de Barajas holds layers of untold history. This monumental bastion, erected on top of a hill, is not only a silent witness to the battles that shaped the fate of Cartagena but also a stage for mysteries and anecdotes that few tourists know. In this article, I will take you on a journey through the secrets hidden within this city icon.

The Forgotten Construction

The history of Fort San Felipe begins in the mid-17th century when the need to protect Cartagena from pirate attacks and enemies became urgent. What many do not know is the crucial role played by slaves and indigenous labor in its construction. Although the work was driven by the Spanish crown, the reality is that these groups worked under inhumane conditions to raise the impressive walls and tunnels we know today.

In 1667, the construction of the fort began under the direction of military engineer Antonio de Arévalo. For years, thousands of men, mostly enslaved, were forced to dig and transport limestone from nearby quarries, resulting in a human sacrifice that has been forgotten in the official narrative of Cartagena's history.

The Tunnels

The tunnels of Fort San Felipe are another fascinating part of its history. From the beginning, they were conceived as a guarantee of security. However, many legends have been woven around them. One of the most famous is that a secret tunnel connected the fort with La Popa, a convent located on the highest hill in Cartagena.

Myths claim that this passage would allow the elite to escape in case of a siege. However, so far, no evidence has been found to confirm this connection. Nevertheless, the existing tunnels are a fascinating labyrinth that invites exploration. Some of them were designed to allow the movement of soldiers and the transport of supplies, as well as to serve as refuge during attacks.

Battles and Sieges

One of the most remembered battles in the history of Fort San Felipe is the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in 1741, where British Admiral Edward Vernon attempted to take the city with a fleet of over 186 ships and 27,000 men. Despite his considerable numerical advantage, the attack failed, thanks to the cunning of Spanish commander Blas de Lezo.

Blas de Lezo, who had lost a leg and an arm in previous battles, used his experience to implement a defensive strategy that surprised the British. He organized his men and took advantage of the terrain to create a formidable defense. The victory in this battle not only saved Cartagena but also became a symbol of resistance for the Colombian people. This episode is remembered with pride and is considered a milestone in Colombia's military history.

The Fort as a Prison and Hospital

Over the years, Fort San Felipe not only functioned as a military fortress. During the 19th century, it became a prison, housing political prisoners and, at times, common criminals. In the 20th century, the fort was used as a hospital during the War of a Thousand Days, a civil conflict that affected Colombia between 1899 and 1902. These transitions in its use have left traces that can be felt in the atmosphere of the place.

The walls of the Fort have witnessed pain and suffering, as well as heroism. Many visitors have reported strange experiences, speaking of ghosts wandering the halls. Although this may seem more like an urban legend, the atmosphere of the fort, with its tumultuous past, is conducive to such stories of the supernatural.

Tips for the Insider Visitor

If you want to explore Fort San Felipe like a true local, here are some tips. First, try to visit early in the morning or during the afternoon when the crowds are smaller. This will allow you to enjoy the stunning views of the city without the pressure of large tourist crowds.

Additionally, I recommend looking for a specialized military history guide. A good guide will be able to share hidden anecdotes and details that you won't find in tourist guides. Don't forget to bring water and sunscreen, as the weather can be quite hot.

Finally, book your ticket in advance. This will ensure your access and avoid any setbacks. The entrance fee is approximately $25,000 COP (reference prices from September 2026).

Conclusion

Fort San Felipe de Barajas is much more than a simple military structure; it is a melting pot of stories that span from oppression and the struggle for freedom to mystery and legend. Exploring its tunnels, understanding its history, and listening to the anecdotes of its defenders will offer you a unique perspective of Cartagena. So don't just limit yourself to visiting; dive into the secrets that this fort has to offer.

Origins

The history of Fort San Felipe de Barajas dates back to the colonial era when the Spanish, fearing attacks from pirates and other European powers, decided to build an imposing bastion to safeguard the city of Cartagena. Its construction began in 1536 and extended for over a century, being finally inaugurated in 1657. This fort is not only a masterpiece of military engineering but also reflects the political and military tensions of the time, as well as the strategic importance of Cartagena in Caribbean trade.

One of the lesser-known facts is that the Fort was designed by Italian engineer Giovanni Battista Antonelli, who devised a system of fortifications that included underground tunnels, used not only for troop movement but also for storing ammunition and supplies. These tunnels, which today awaken the curiosity of visitors, are a testament to the military ingenuity of the time.

While many tourists focus on the visual aspects of the fort, it is essential to understand its historical context. During its construction, Cartagena was the scene of #us confrontations, including the famous battle of 1741, where British forces attempted to take the city but failed in their attempt thanks to the resistance of the defenders and the strength of Fort San Felipe.

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Timeline or Historical Milestones

1536: Foundation of Cartagena

The city of Cartagena was founded by Pedro de Heredia, establishing a strategic point on the trade route in the Caribbean. Its geographical location quickly turned it into a military and commercial stronghold.

1650: Start of the Construction of Fort San Felipe de Barajas

The construction of the fort began in response to threats from pirates and European powers. This monumental bastion was designed to protect the city and its port. Insider Tip: Visit the fort at sunset to enjoy an impressive view of the city and the Caribbean Sea while avoiding the crowds of the day.

1741: Battle of Cartagena de Indias

One of the most significant battles in colonial history, where British forces attempted to take the city. The resistance of the Cartagena residents and their allies was crucial for the defense of the fort. Insider Tip: Ask local guides during your visit about the stories of anonymous heroes who fought in this battle, which will give you a deeper perspective on history.

1821: Cartagena Declares Independence

Cartagena was one of the first cities to declare its independence from Spain, marking an important milestone in Colombia's history. The fort played a crucial role in the defense of the city during this period. Insider Tip: Explore the area around the fort, where there are commemorative plaques that tell the story of independence, often overlooked by tourists.

1960: Restoration of Fort San Felipe

The fort was restored and declared a National Monument, ensuring its preservation for future generations and becoming a key tourist attraction. Insider Tip: Participate in guided tours that offer historical anecdotes and urban legends not found in traditional guides.

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Key Figures or Events

Blas de Lezo

This famous Spanish sailor and strategist is known for his defense of Cartagena in 1741 during the battle against the British fleet led by Edward Vernon. Despite being at a disadvantage, Lezo used his ingenuity and knowledge of the terrain to emerge victorious. His figure has become a symbol of resistance for the people of Cartagena.

Insider Tip: Visit the monument to Blas de Lezo, located in Plaza de San Pedro Claver, to better understand his legacy and the importance of his strategy in the defense of the city. There are often local guides who share fascinating anecdotes about his exploits.

The Battle of Cartagena de Indias

This historical conflict took place between 1741 and 1743 and was one of the largest sieges in colonial history. The war tactics and the resistance of the defenders show the importance of Cartagena as a strategic port in transatlantic trade. The Spanish victory was crucial for maintaining control over the Caribbean.

Insider Tip: Research the routes of the besieged and key points of interest in the city. Many locals offer tours that take you to the places where these battles were fought, providing context not found in tourist guides.

The Ghosts of San Felipe

The legends about ghosts haunting the fort are part of its charm. It is said that the souls of soldiers who perished in battles still wander through the dark tunnels. These stories have been passed down from generation to generation, feeding local culture and attracting lovers of the paranormal.

Insider Tip: If you are interested in the supernatural, join one of the night tours of the fort. Many guides share chilling stories and will take you to the most emblematic points where apparitions have supposedly been seen.

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Current Status

Fort San Felipe de Barajas is not only a historical monument but also a place in continuous development that seeks to maintain its cultural and tourist relevance. Today, the fort is part of a broader effort to preserve Cartagena's heritage and offer an enriching experience to visitors.

Recently, new initiatives have been implemented to enhance the tourist experience, including more interactive guided tours and the inclusion of augmented reality technology that allows visitors to visualize what the fort looked like in its heyday. Additionally, the surroundings of the fort have been beautified with green areas that provide a visual and physical respite for those who visit.

Here are some tips and recommendations to make the most of your visit to Fort San Felipe:

Night Tours

Night tours are a unique experience that allows you to explore the fort under the moonlight. In addition to the magical atmosphere, you can hear legends about ghosts that supposedly inhabit its tunnels. Insider Tip: Book in advance, as these tours tend to fill up quickly, especially during peak season.

Local Cuisine in the Surroundings

Before or after your visit...